Glossary of Terms CQCConstruction Quality Control CPESCCertified Professional in Erosion & Sediment Control ECDerosion control device ESCerosion and sediment control ESCPErosion and Sediment Control Plan is a plan showing how potential erosion and sedimentation on a given site resulting from approved building work, development or activity will be minimised or controlled.erosion & sediment control plan SWPPPSolid Waste Pollution Prevention Plan and is required at all construction sites to contain runoff and sediment etc: from polluting or migrating off site and into storm drains etc: Approvalmeans a licence or permission or any authorisation under Part V of the EP&A Act. Approving Authoritymeans a Council, authority or determining body Authorityin relation to a development application,means: the Council having the function to determine the application; or the Minister or public authority or the Director where an environmental planning instrument specifies as having the function to determine the application. Building Worksincludes buildings or structures or part thereof. Catchmentis that area within which rainfall will contribute to runoff at a particular point. The area included in catchment is determined by topographic features which on many buildings sites can range from a few square metres to several thousand square metres. Clayis soil particles consisting of mineral particles less than 0.002 mm in diameter. Many of the properties of soil depend on the type and quantity of clay particles in the soil. Consentmeans a licence or permission or any authorisation under Part V of the EP&A Act. Construction Siteis that portion of a site disturbed by the development and/or building and includes the areas where building materials are placed and access traversed by vehicles. Cultivationis the mechanical preparation of the soil required for the growing of crops or pasture. Desertificationprocess by which land becomes increasingly dry until almost no vegetation grows on it, making it a desert Developmentin relation to land, means; the erection of a building on that land; the carrying out of a work in, on, over or under that land; the use of that land or of a building or work on that land; the subdivision of that land. Dispersible Soilis structurally unstable. In water it breaks down into its constituent particles (clay, silt and sand) with the finer silt and clay fractions (<0.005 mm) becoming suspended. Highly dispersible soils are extremely erodable and are associated with high exchangeable sodium and low soluble salt concentrations. Soils that contain >10% dispersible material are generally called dispersible and normal sediment trapping devices are ineffective with these soils. Artificial flocculation is required to help the settling process. Soil dispersability can be determined by laboratory tests. Earth Bank and Channela bank is a ridge or embankment of compacted earth. A channel is an excavated earth drainage ditch or path used to intercept and direct runoff to a desired location. Environmentally Sensitive Landis land that is steeper than 18o of slope; liable to degradation due to erosion, sedimentation, salinity/acidity, inundation by sand/soil or water, invasion by exotic vegetation; or native vegetation and wetlands. Erosionis a natural process. Rain or wind detaches a soil particle and provides energy to move the particle. Flocculationreverses the processes that cause dispersion of soil by causing finer particles to clump together into larger units or ‘flocs’ that can settle in a reasonable time or can be filtered. Flocculation is usually carried out in ponds or tanks with the most commonly used flocculation agents being gypsum or alum. Foreshore Erosion may occur through incremental recession removal of materials from the shoreline by tidal movement or wave action. Geotextilesare synthetic fabrics used to filter sediment or stabilise disturbed surfaces, there are several proprietary types of geotextile for a wide range of applications. Gully Erosion occurs when rills develop to greater depths. Gully erosion usually occurs within 300m of rill erosion. Landscape Planis a plan showing the location, type and quantity of vegetation and structural elements to be placed on the site to gain visual amenity and screen sections of the site from public view or use. Level Spreadera level spreader is an excavated outlet constructed at zero grade and level across the outlet edge. They are usually located in situations where concentrated flows are discharged over the ground surface. Mass Movement also referred to as landslip, describes to the downslope movement of surface and/or subsurface soils primarily caused by the interaction of gravity and other features of the site. Non filterable residue (NFR)refers to the mass of fine material per litre of water that will pass through a 45 micron PVC filter under standard test conditions. Perimeter and Banks Channelsare earthen structures that collect and divert runoff and have a level spreader (level sill) outlet to prevent erosion at the discharge point. Rain Drop Impactoccurs when a raindrop strikes an unprotected soil surface dislodging surface soil particles which may then be transported by the water to another location. Receiving Watersmeans either: natural water bodies, including rivers, streams (perennial or intermittent), flowing in natural channels with natural beds or in artificially modified channels, lakes, lagoons or wetlands, either naturally formed or artificially modified, or tidal waters, including bays, estuaries or inlets, or constructed water bodies including waterways, canals, dams, ponds, or wetlands, lakes, bays or inlets no matter whether they are permanently or intermittently inundated with water. Rill Erosion refers to troughs, called rills, formed where sheet erosion becomes concentrated due to the variation in surface contours or erodibility. Sandconsists of particles consisting largely of quartz grains between 0.02 mm and 2.00 mm in diameter. Fine sand is defined as particles between 0.02 mm and 0.2 mm and course sand as those between 0.2 mm and 2.0 mm. Sedimentmeans both mineral or organic material that is being, or has been moved from its site of origin by transporting agents such as water, wind and gravity to a lower position in the catchment, either above or below sea level. Sedimentationmeans the deposition of sediment, usually in locations such as a channel, along a fence, in an area of low slope or a sediment trap, dam or water body. Sheet Erosion occurs when a sheet of soil particles is removed while water flows uniformly over the surface. Siltare particles between 0.002 mm and 0.02 mm in diameter. Soil Erosionmeans the wearing away of the soil surface material by wind, water or gravitational effects. Natural rates of erosion are accelerated by some human activities. Soil and Water Management Plandescribes the planned measures to be undertaken at an activity site which will mitigate soil transport and control pollution by sediment or nutrient to downslope lands and receiving waters. Streambank Erosion occurs as a result of flooding or saturation of bank materials due to tidal movement or wave action. Subdivision‘Subdivision’, ‘subdivide’; and similar expressions refer to dividing land into parts. Subsoilgenerally refers to distinct soil layers (called the B and C horizons) below the topsoil; often with high clay contents. Topsoilis a part of the soil profile, typically the first soil layer (called the A1 horizon) below the ground surface that is darker in colour, more fertile and better structured than underlying layers Turbidityrefers to the cloudy appearance of water contaminated with suspended solid particles. Vegetationmeans native and exotic trees, shrubs, understorey and grasses found within the Council area. Watersmeans any river, stream, lake, lagoon, swamp, wetlands, unconfined surface water, natural or artificial watercourse, dam or tidal waters (including the sea), or part thereof, and includes water stored in water mains, water pipes and water channels, and any underground or artesian water, or any part thereof. Wind Erosion occurs following the transfer of energy from moving air to soil surface particles. Once dislodged soil particles may be lifted on air currents or buffeted along the ground surface until their path is obstructed.